Physics I
Course Code: PHY 111
Credit Hour: 3
Course Group: General Science Courses
Waves: Waves and particles, different types, Transverse & Longitudinal waves, Wavelength & Frequency, Principle of Superposition waves, Standing Waves and Resonance
Oscillations: Oscillations, SHM, The force law for SHM, Differential equation of simple harmonic oscillator, total energy and average energy, combination of simple harmonic oscillations, spring mass system, Pendulums, Torsional pendulum; two body oscillation, reduced mass, damped oscillation, forced oscillation, resonance, progressive wave, power and intensity of wave, stationary wave, group and phase velocities.
Optics: Light: Light theories, source and properties of light, Refractive index, Optical path, Dispersion, Light visible range. Fermats Principle and its Applications: Fermats principle of least time, Rectilinear propagation of light, Reversibility of light rays, Optical path stationary. Reflection and Refraction: Reflection at plane surfaces & Spherical mirrors, Refraction of light, Reflecting prisms, Dispersion, Dispersive prisms, Refraction at spherical surfaces, magnification, Smith-Helmholtz Equation and Langrange Law. Defects of images: spherical aberration, astigmatism, coma, distortion, curvature, chromatic aberration. Theories of light, interference of light, Young’s double slit experiment, displacement of fringes and its uses, Fresnel bi-prism, interference in thin films, Newton’s rings, interferometers, Diffraction: diffraction by single slit, diffraction from a circular aperture, resolving power of optical instruments, diffraction at double slit and N slits, diffraction grating; polarization; production and analysis of polarized lights, Brewster’s law, Malus law, polarization by double refraction, Nicol prism, optical activity, Polari-meters.
Thermal Physics: Heat: Heat, Measuring temperature, Different measuring scales, Thermal expansion, Heat and temperature, Absorption of heat by solids and liquids.
Thermodynamics: First Law of Thermodynamics and its applications, The Kinetic Theory of Gases: Avogardo’s number, Ideal gases, Pressure, temperature and RMS speed, Translational K.E., Mean free path, Distribution of molecular speeds, Molecular specific heats of an ideal gas, Degree of freedom, Maxwell’s distribution of molecular speeds, reversible and irreversible processes, Carnot’s cycle, second law thermodynamics, Carnot’s theorem, entropy, Thermodynamic functions, Maxwell relations, Clausius and Clapeyron equation.
Reference Book:
- David Halliday and Robert Resnick: Physics I & II
- N Subrahmanyam & Brijit Lal: A Text Book of Optics
- V P Vasandani & D S Kumar : Treatise on Heat Engine
- B. L. Theraja: Engineering Physics
- A. Beiser: Modern Physics
- D Halliday, R Resnick & J Walker : Fundamentals of Physics
- Y A Cengel & M A Boles : Thermodynamics